Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI), or Chronic Venous Disease (CVD), is a condition characterized by impaired venous blood flow in the legs. It occurs when the valves within the leg veins become damaged or weakened, leading to blood pooling and symptoms such as leg swelling, pain, and skin changes. Risk factors include genetics, obesity, prolonged sitting or standing, and previous blood clots. Management options for CVI encompass lifestyle modifications, compression therapy, medications, and surgical interventions when necessary. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for effectively addressing chronic venous insufficiency in patients.

Lymphedema is a chronic condition characterized by the accumulation of lymphatic fluid, leading to swelling and discomfort. It occurs when the lymphatic system is unable to function properly due to blockages or damage. Symptoms include persistent swelling, restricted movement, recurrent infections, and skin changes. Treatment options include manual lymphatic drainage, compression therapy, exercise, and sometimes surgery. Early detection and intervention are crucial for effective management and improved quality of life for patients with lymphedema.

Lipedema is a chronic condition characterized by abnormal fat accumulation primarily in the lower limbs and buttocks. It predominantly affects women and can be misdiagnosed as obesity or lymphedema. Symptoms include symmetrical limb enlargement, tenderness, bruising, and a column-like shape of the legs. Conservative treatments like compression therapy and specialized exercises can help manage symptoms. In advanced cases, liposuction designed for lipoedema may be considered.